Universal printing-machine.



Patented May 6, I902..

0. L. DAWSON. UNIVERSAL PRINTING MACHINE.

(Application Patented May 6, 1902.

C. L. DAWSON.

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Patented May 6, 1902 C L. DAWSON. UNIVERSAL PRINTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 12, 1901.)

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No. 699,496.. Patented May 6, I902.

C. L. DAWSON.

UNIVERSAL PRlNTiNG MACHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 12, 1901.)

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(No Model.)

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Patented Mayfi, I902.-

0. DAWSON. UNIVERSAL PRINTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 12, 1901.)

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No. 699,496. Patented May 6, I902.

C. L. DAWSON.

UNIVERSAL PRINTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 12, 1901.} (No ModeI.) 7Sheats-Sheet 6.

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1:. L. DAWSON. UNIVERSAL PRINTING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

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NrrE Srarns ArENr CLARENCE LINCOLN DAlVSON, OF JACKSONVILLE, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-IIALF-TO 'WALTER I'I. GRAHAM,- OF JACKSONVILLE, ILLINOIS, AND FRANK MCCUDDY, OF CLINTON, ILLINOIS.

UNIVERSAL PRINTING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters liatent No. 699,496, dated May 6, 1902.

Application filed December 12,1901. Serial No 85,657. No model.)

To all whom zit may concern.- Figure 1 is a plan view of the entire ma- Be it known that I, CLARENCE LINCOLN chine. Fig.2is an enlarged perspective view DAWSON, of Jacksonville, in the county of of the printing mechanism and carriage sup Morgan and State of Illinois, have invented porting the same. Fig. 3 is a perspective top 5 a new and useful Improvement in Universal side view, and Fig. 3 a face view, of the uni- Printing-Machines, of which the following is versal letter-type which forms the bottom a specification. part of the printing mechanism. Figs. 4, 5, The object of my invention is to provide, and 7 are detail sections on line 00 m of Fig. for the use of stores, real estate agents, and 3, showing difierent positions of the print-- 10 others, a universal machine for quickly and ing type-segments. Fig. 6 is a detailed seccheaply printing announcements in letters of tion on line y y of Fig. 3, showing a differlarge size in the form of bulletins, cartoons, ent position of the printing type-segments. drc. Such work is ordinarily done by hand Fig. 8 shows the diEerent styles of letters by a paint-brush and requires a skilt'ul and printed by my machine. Fig. 9 is a perspecr5 rapid painter. tive view of the under side of the universal.

The purpose of myinvention is to provide letter-type with some of the segments re a machine for doing this whereby persons unmoved and laid down at Fig. 9. Fig. 10 is skilled in either painting or printing may a Vertical cross-section through the printing readily and neatly produce the various signs mechanism. Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail of 20 and bulletins required in their business. My the spacing-bar. Fig. 12 is an end elevation invention is designed to reduce such an apof the left-hand end of Fig. 1. Fig. 13 is a paratus to the simplest proportions and to vertical longitudinal section taken through do away entirely with the large array of movthe middle of the printing-carriage. Fig. 1d able type; and to that end it comprehends a is a side View of the roller R, seen in Fig. 10

25 universal letter-type which is so constructed and in proper relation to the subjacent printand arranged in separate sections as to be ing segments which it controls. Fig. 15 is a capable of printing anyletter or numeral by similar view of the roller R on the opposite a selective action which brings into printing sidein relation to the printing-segments which position such of the fragmental sections as it controls; and Figs. 16 and 16 are sectional c are required for any particular letter or nudetails of a corner of the printing-carriage, 8o

meral and leaving out of action such other showing differentpositions of its parts. of the sections of the universal letter-type as I will first describe the paper-feeding deare not required. A movable carriage travvices, the frame on which the printing-carels on guides over a subjacent paper-holding riage is supported and adjusted, and the spac- 35 and paper-feeding device, selecting-rolls are ing devices for regulating the throw of the adjusted to various positions in the carriage carriage on its guide-rails for successively to effect the selection of the letter-segments, printing the consecutive letters, referencebea depressing mechanism brings the selected ing had more more especially to Figs. 1, 2, letter-segments into position to be inked and and 12.

0 by asecond motion into printing contact with A represents an elongated table or stand, the paper, and spacing and feed mechanism preferably made of wood and long enough to control the movements of the'selecting-rolls accommodate the maximum width of bulletin through the carriage and also the advance of or bill-poster to be printed. At each end of the carriage over the paper-holding devices. this table there is mounted a metal frame B 5 Myinvention consistsin the novel construcand B, the middle portions of which lie fiat tion and arrangement of these various parts upon the table and the end portions of which of such universal printing-machine, which I frames rise a short distance above the table will first fully describe with reference to the and support two parallel rails 13 13 Fig. 2, drawings, and then specifically point out in which extend the full length of the table and 50 the claims. constitute the track upon which the printing- 10o carriage C is supported and adjusted by means of small flanged wheels 0. Behind the rearward track-rail in parallel position is arranged a rotary shaft B carrying at one end a fixed feed-roll B and at the other end an adjustable feed-roll B Both these rolls have rubber faces and serve to pull the sheet of paper through by frictional contact. The adjustable roll B is connected to the shaft B for rigid rotary movement, but is capable of sliding on it by means of alongitudinal groove 1), out along the shaft and receiving a key I), held 011 the hub of the pulley. The shaft B is journaled inwings b b projecting rear wardly from the metal frames B B at each end, and said shaft has at one end a crankhandle B by means of which the two rolls are turned and the paper sheet fed through the machine when a new row of lettering is to be started. As my printing-machine contemplates the use of three different sizes of type, the throw of the feed-pulleys is made adjustable to suit, and for this purpose a pin 11 is placed in one of a series of holes I) in Fig. 12 in the quadran tal plate near the crank and which pin when adjusted in any one of the series of holes acts as a stop to the crank- .handle toarrest its motion sooner or later,

and thus limit the feed of the paper to suit the size of the letter. A ratchet and pawl 22 imparts the throw of the crank to the shaft. The paper sheet as fed through is caught between the rubber-faced pulley above and two subjacent rollers 19 b one of which, I), is made long enough-say half the length of the table-'-to accommodate the difierent widths of the'sheets of paper used, the length of this roller equalling the range of the adjustment of the adjustable pulley B The paper as it lies upon the table rests upon a subjacent pad A, formed of any suitablesoft material, and at the front edge of the table where the paper passes under the front rail there is stretched a tense wire or cable A which is fixedly secured at one end by a screw or and at the other end is connected to a tension-regulating screw a. This serves to hold the paper flat and to smooth out wrinkles and creases as it passes under this wire and over pad A and beneath the printing devices.

As the carriage is fed along the paper in printing a line it of course is necessary that it should be successively fed each time a distance dependent upon the size of, the letter, 7 and as I have arranged my printing device to print three diiferent sizes of letter I have provided a spacing device for making the spacing to suit the size or kind of letter employed, the spacing being'equal to the width of the letter and the space to occur between the impressions. For this purposeIarrange in front of the machine a rod D, Figs. 1, 2, 11, which is rotatably mounted in the tops of the two front posts of the metal end frames B B. This rod has three series of transverse notches or kerfs cut into it, oneseries (Z, (see Fig. 11,) being for the widest letter, the next series d for the middle-size letter, and the other series 01 for the smallest letter. The interval between the series d is shorter than d, and the interval between the seriesd is shorter than d. The three series of notches are cut at a relatively different portion ofthe periphery'of the rod, so that one set 61 is brought into engagement with a lockinglatch D, Fig. 2, in one position of the rod, and when the other series (1 is to be brought into range of engagement with the said latch the rod is rotated slightly-say one-third of a revolutionand when the other series d is to be brought into range of engagement with the latch the rod is rotated at third farther.

The locking-latch D is pivotally mounted on the end frame of the printing-carriage and is normally held into engagement with the locking-notches by a spring d and is lifted out of engagement by pressure on a thumb-piece 01 To rotate the spacing-rod, a knob d Figs. 1, ll, 12, is attached to one end and has a boss d notched at three places on its periphery to receive a tooth d on a Vertical spring lever d which springs into the notches, but may be withdrawn to permit the rod to be turned when a new series of spacing-notches are to be brought into coaction with the locking-latch on the carriage.

I will now describe the universal lettertype, which has a printing-face composed of a number of independently movable segments, different members of which are consecutively brought into relief to form the various letters and numerals. The letter-type which I have shown in my drawings is designed to print three alphabets in three different kinds of type and the nine digits of the numerals. The universal letter-type is shown in Fig. 3 and the three kinds of letters which it prints are shown in Fig. 8, in which small capitals appear at the top, large capitals in the second row, and lower-case or small letters at the bottom.

The separate movable segments of the letter-type are numbered from 1 to 22 in Fig. 3, and by grouping these into various combinations and projecting them into relief they may be made to form any or all of the three sets of letters and the one set of numerals. In Fig. 8 the numbered portions of the letters correspond to the numbered segments of the lettertype, these letters being formed by printing from such segments of the type-letter as correspond to these 11 u mbers and which are brought into relief to receive the ink, while the other segments remain in their normal plane behind the advanced segments.

In Fig. 3 the segment 17 is employed to form the capital letter K, as seen in Fig. 8, and'the segment 18 of Fig. 3 serves the same purpose in the small'letter k. The segments 19,20, 21, and 22 are used in forming parts of the small letters, as shown at the bottom of Fig. 8. To form the letter X, the segments 8 2 13 2 6 7- and 11 12 14r 15 14 16 IIO are used. To form the letter Y, the segments 5 8 2 13 2 14 15 14 16 are used. Toform Z,

1 11 1 17 2.13 2 6 7 4 16 4 are used. These letters, it will be seen, are not strictly conventional, but are close enough to be easily read in the printed context. The other letters more easily suggest their formation.

Most of the letter-segments act singly and independently, but some of them act inpairs. Thus, for instance, 1 1, 2 2,3 3, 4 4, and 14 14 always act in pairs and are in fact twin sections formed in one piece, as seen in Figs.9 and 9. There are some of the segments also that operate interchangeably with other segments in forming. different letters.v Thus segment 11 may act with 1 and l in forming letter E I or it may separate itself from 1 and 1 and act with 12 in forming the letter I. So, also, 13 acts either with 12 and 14 or with 2 and 2, 15 acts either with 14 and 14 or with 3 and 3, and 16 acts either with 14 and 20 or with 4 and 4. This is fully explained in Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, and 9, in which Figs. 4,5, and 7 are sections on line 50 a: of Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 a section on line y g of Fig. 3. Fig. 4 shows all the segments flush. Fig. 5 shows segment 11 acting with the vertical member 12, and Figs. 6 and 7 show segment 11 acting with the twin member 1 and 1. To explain how this is accomplished, the segment 11 is a flanged shell seated in the notch between the twin segment 1 and 1, (see Figs. 5 and 9,) and said twin segment has shoulders 23 23, which push 11 forward whenever twin segment 1 1 is advanced, as in Fig. 6 and 7. This shell 11 has a headed pin 24, that passes through the reduced end of segment 12, and has behind said segment and beneath the head of the pin a coil-spring 25. Now if segment 12 be advanced it ,pushes segment 11 with it, as in Fig. 5. \Vhen the twin segment 1 1 is advanced along with 11, as in Figs. 6 and 7, and 12 remains back, the spring 25 is compressed and serves to draw 1 1 and 11 back again. It will thus be seen that 11 may act either with twin segment 1 1 or with 12. The same construction and arrangement exists between all the other twin segments and the interchangeable segmentsthat is, between the twin sections 2' 2, 3 3, and 4 4 and the interchangeable 'or bridge segments 13 15 16, the joints being similar to those shown in Figs. 4 to 7, already described.

The letter-type is of a generally rectangular shape, and its printing-blocks join onto each other at the corners with miter-joints, and the adjacent faces of the blocks are adapted to form a continuous printingsurface when desired.

Each of the movable segment-s has attached to its back or upper side an operating-stem c, Fig. 3, which is square in cross-section, and

it passes through a square hole 2 in a back plate E, Fig. 9, so that the segments are held true against turning, and these stems have above the back plate coil-springs e, wound around the stems and bearing against a crosspin, and which springs serve to individually lift each segment after it has been depressed pactness the middle one of these rollers is in r a higher plane than the other two, and the middle row of segment-stems is carried up higher, so as to reach the range of contact of the higher middle roller, as seen in Figs. 3 and 10. To bring some of the stems of the letter-segments immediately below the rollers, some of said stems are formed with olfsetting cranks e e e ,with pins ontheir free ends, so that'all the segment-stems can be alined in three parallel rows immediately below the three rollers. formed with lugs or projections on their peripheries, and their function is to select which ones of the segments are to print, the projections on the rollers being so arranged that rotaryaction brings the proper project-ions on the rollers immediately above the depressible stems of the segments. When this occurs, a descent of the rollers follows in two motions. The first motion causes the rollers to descend upon the segment-stems and to select and push down those that are to form the letter, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 10, and then all the parts shown in Fig. 10 descend together to printing impact with the paper be first necessary to explain fully the construction and arrangement of the parts of the carriage and the elements coactin g with these parts, reference being had more especially to Figs. 2, 13, 16, and 16 The'carriage'has a bars F F, that carry the wheels or rollers c c, that travel on the rails 13* B and side bars F? F, rigidly connected to the said end bars. This portion of the carriage travels horizon- These rollers are rectangular frame composed of horizontal end IIO tally, but has no u'p-and-down motion. Inside'the rectangular frame there is another compoundframe carrying the selecting-roll ers R R R (seen in Fig. 10,).all Ofwhich moves up and down withacompound motion, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

This compound frame (see Fig. 13)"consists of a horizontal top bar G, rigidly attached to vertical end plates G G, which latter are slotted vertically,as at g, to permitthe johrnals of the three rollers R R R to pass through a and have a vertical motion insaid slot's. One

izo

of said journals 1" is shown in said Fig. 13.

Outside of the vertical end platesG G are other parallel vertical plates Gr G through which the" said journalsof the rollers pass in closely-fitting bearings, so that theseend' plates G2 inove' vertically withthe rollers.

The plates G ,wi'th the rollers, move down in relation to plateG and are'lifted again by springs, as follows: Lugs G G 'extend outwardly from the tops of plates G: and bear upon coil-springs g which latter rest upon washers g, fixed to the lower ends of pinsg,

adjustably fixed in the ends of the top bar G, so that when the roller-shafts, with end plates G and lugs G descend, as shown in dotted lines, the springs g will be compressed and when released will again lift end plates G and rollerjournals in relation to plates G, through whose slots the said journals pass. This is the first part of a compound motion, and its action is to bring the rollers, with their selecting projections, into contact with the tops of the segment-stems e to select the particular segments that are to print, the back plate E being rigidly attached to the end plates G G, which have not yet moved. This initial movement of the rollers to select the letter-segments is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10. After the letter-segments have been selected then a continuation of the downward motion carries both end plates G G and G G the rollers, and the printing-type and back plate E all down together on the paper to make the impression. I will now describe how this compound downward movement is effected, referring first to Fig. 2. I is a bailshaped lever, whose two lever-arms are fulcrumed at t' and have below the fulcrum cams 71 which when the lever is deflected, as shown in dotted lines, bear upon the inner framebars G and force them down. The framebars G ,of which there is one on each side of the machine, are connected to the outside vertical frame G as seen in Figs. 16 and 16, and the part G has at each corner a horizontal extension G with a vertical pin G on its end, having a head G that bears upon a coilspring F mounted upon a step F projecting from the relatively'stationary parts F F of the carriage-frame. These springs F are the last ones to come into action and permit the descent of the whole of the printing apparatus, and they act as follows When lever I is deflected, (see Figs. 2, 16, and 16%) the cams 1? force down bars G For the first part of this descent the bars G do not touch the arms G, as will be seen from-Fig. 16. During this first part of the levers motion (shown by dotted position as, Fig. 2) the frame G Fig. 13, moves down independently of G, compressing springs 9 as shown in-dotted lines in Fig. 13,'and this causes the rollers to make selection of the type-segments, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 10. As soon as this selection is made and the lever I is moved from {B tooc in Fig. 2 then the bar G reaches arm (see Fig. 16) and carrying it down compresses spring F when the whole of the printing apparatust'. c., the end frames G with the rollers, and end frames G, with the printing-typeall descend together to give an impression on the paper of the selected printingsegments.

In order that the frames G G Fig. 16, may be acted upon at all four corners by the bailshaped lever, the arms of the latter (see Fig. 2) are connected to horizontal bars 1, which at their other ends carry at 2' cams similar to those shown at i and which are tilted by the action of the parallel-motioned bars I whenever the bail-shaped lever I is depressed.

It will be understood that the rollers R R R are turned to a new position for every letter or numeral selected by them, and the projections on the periphery of the same are so carefully predetermined and constructed that when turned they bring the proper projections into range of engagement with the subjacent printing-segment stems. For this pur* pose the rollers have intermeshing gearwheels S on their ends for an equal and simultaneous rotary adjustment, and this adjustment is made (see Fig. 13) by extending one of the journals 1" of the top roller R to the outside of the frame and mounting thereon an indicatorwheel J. This has on its periphery an index of the various letters and numerals and at one edge a notched flange j, the notches of which hear an exact relation to the letters or numerals. A locking-latch J, pivotally mounted on a curved arm J projecting from the frame H, is arranged to drop into any one of the notches of the flange on the index-wheel, and when said latch enters the notch opposite any letter or numeral the rollers are then in position to make selection of the printing-segments to form that letter.

I will now describe how the variousfonts or kinds of type are used at will, as seen in Fig. 8. \Vithin the frame G G G there is (see Fig. 13) another frame H, which immediately ineloses the selecting-rollers and has journal-bearings for the same. Now assuming that there are three kinds of letters to be available, as in Fig. 8, I construct and arrange the selecting rollers as follows, (see Fig. 14:) I arrange the projections on the rollers in three circular groups for each segment-stem (2. One group will be for small capitals, as at the top of Fig. 8. The next will be for large capitals, as in the middle of Fig. 8, and the third group would be for lowercase or small letters, as at the bottom of Fig. 8. Now to bring any one of these groups into coactive relation to their common subjacent segment-stem e the frame H, with all the rollers, is shifted longitudinally, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 14, to bring the proper series of projections into range of the segmentstem 6, the latter, with the printing-segments, remaining stationary. To lock the frame H to this adjustment, a spring-bar H (see Fig.

13) is formed with three holes 72, adapted to lock over a pin h in the top of frame II. This spring-bar H is secured at one end to the frame G and at the other end has a knob h, by which it may be lifted to release the pin 72. when frame H is to be shifted horizontally.

I will now describe the means for inking the type-letters, reference being had to Figs. 1, 2, and 13. grooved guideways connected to the framepieces F F at a level between the pad A and the type-letter. In the grooves of these guideways there slides the edges of an inking-pad P, which has a handle 19, Fig. 2, by which the K K, Fig. 13, are horizontalpad may he slid under the type-letter or withdrawn from under it, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. To prevent this pad from coming all the way out, it has at each end a lug Z, Fig. 2, that catches against a portion of the carriageframe. This pad is pushed under the typeletter, the latter depressed to ink the type, and the pad is then withdrawn, and the inked type is then brought down upon the paper to print.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A universal letter-type comprising independently-movable block-sections having miter-joints at the corners and each having its face joining onto its neighbor to form a continuous surface and each having a non-rotatable stem rising therefrom with a spiral spring around it, and a back plate supporting said stems and blocks, substantially as shown and described.

2. A universal letter-type comprising independent movable block-sections, the longitudinal members and the transverse members of the letters having at the point of intersection a common movable member adapted to act exclusively with the longitudinal member or exclusively with the transverse member substantially as described.

3. A printing device comprising a universal letter-type having independently-movable printing-blocks abutting against each other and having stems risingtherefrom and springs for holding them up, a horizontal roller having projections on its periphery for selecting and depressing the stems, said rollers being arranged in parallel position above the printing-type and being made vertically adjustable With an equal movement at each end, a supporting-frame carrying each end of the roller, means for equally depressing each end of said frame, and means for rotating the roller to enable it to make proper selection substantially as described.

4. A printing device comprising a universal letter-typehavingindependently-movable printing-sections with spring-lifted stems, arranged in rows, and a corresponding set of selectingrollers having peripheral projections and indentations, said rollers being arranged above the rows of stems and having gear-wheels connecting them for an equal and simultaneous rotary adjustment substantially as described.

5. A printing device comprising a universal letter-type havingindependently-movable printing-sections with spring-lifted stems attached to the same, said stems being arranged in three rows with the middle row of stems the highest, and three triangularly-arranged rollers With peripheral projections and indentations and connecting-gears, the upper roller being arranged above the row of highest stems substantially as described.

6. A printing device consisting of a universal letter-type having separately-movable printingsections each provided with upwardly-projecting and spring-lifted stems, a selecting-roller having peripheral projections and indentations arranged in different circular series, means for rotating the roller, and means for shifting the roller lengthwise its axis to bring a different series of projections into range of engagement with the stems substantially as described.

7. A printing device consisting of a universal letter-type having separately-movable printing-sections with upwardly-projecting spring-lifted stems, a frame for said lettertype made vertically adjustable to bringthe type into printing contact with the paper, and a frame Within said type-frame made V61- tically adjustable in relation to the typefrarne, an adjustable selecting device for picking out the selected sections of the type, said selecting device being carried in the inner frame, springs for holding up the two frames, and means for depressing them, whereby the selecting-device frame descends first to effect the selection of the t-ypesections and after which the entire type mechanism descends to print the impression as described.

8. A printing device of the kind described having two or more selecting-rollers,and gears for connecting them together, one of said rollers having an extended shaft bearing an index-Wheel having letters and numerals displayed thereon and having a correspondinglynotched flange, and a locking-latch engaging with said notched flange to determine the position of the selecting-rollers as described.

9. A printing device of the kind described, having one or more selecting-rollers each provided with a separate circular series of projections and indentations, a frame supporting the journals of the same made adjustable longitudinally with the rollers and having pin 71, and a locking spring-bar H with holes h and knob 71 adapted to fix the longitudinal adjustment of the roller as described.

10. In a printing device of the kind described the combination with the printing type'plate E and its printing devices; of the slotted end plates G and top plate G, the outside frame-plates G with outturned lugs G the headed pins g g with springs g supporting lugs G and an independent frame H arranged inside frame G and carrying the selecting-rollers and means for giving a vertical motion to said frames substantially as described.

ll. In a printing device of the kind de scribed, the combination of the frame carrying the printing-type,the independently-movable frame carrying the selecting-rollers, the latter being provided with the horizontal bars G and the lever-bail I having cams 11* and the parallel bar I having corresponding cams substantiallyas andfor the purposedescribed.

12. In aprinting device of the kind described,the combination of the carriage-frame F F having outturned lugs FZandtheselecting-roller frame G2 G7 the frame Gr having; on'tturned lugs G carrying vertical headed pins G and springs F coiled around the pin between its head and the outturned lug F substantially as described. 5 13. In a printing device of the kind described, the combination of a base-board A, the end frames B B the rails 13, the printing-carriage O mounted thereon, and the paper-feeding mechanism consisting of rubberfaced wheels B 13", the shaft 13 with groove 7) adjustably connected to wheel B means for rotating said shaft and the subjacent rollers b b the latter being made of a length OLA RENOE LINCOLN DAWSON.

Witnesses:

J. L. lVIAGILL, GEO; H. TREMPSETT. 

